Photovoltaic Energy
What is Photovoltaic Energy ?
Photovoltaic
energy is produced when sunlight is converted into energy with the use of solar
cells or semiconductors. These semiconducting cells are usually made of silicon
and do not contain any corrosive materials or moving parts. As long as the
solar cells are exposed to light, they will produce photovoltaic energy with a
minimum of maintenance. This energy is also environmentally clean,
quiet, and safe.
The term "photovoltaic" has two
parts: photo, a Greek word meaning light, and voltaic, a reference to
electrical energy innovator Alessandro Volta. In 1839, French physicist Edmond
Becquerel discovered the photovoltaic effect, the production of a volt by use
of a semiconductor. This discovery prompted further experimentation with light
sources and semiconductors, which led to the invention of solar cells that
produce photovoltaic energy.
Even though the power output of a photovoltaic
energy system depends on the overall amount of light exposure, it will still
generate energy on cloudy or overcast days. To store this energy for later
transmission, a variety of storage systems are available to consumers. Most
reliable storage systems use a combination of rechargeable batteries and
energy-storing capacitors, some of which can be designed for AC or DC power.
The amount of power available on cloudy days
and at night in a photovoltaic energy system depends on the energy output of
the photovoltaic modules and the battery arrangement. Adding additional modules
and batteries will increase the available power, but will also increase the
cost of the system. Systems that are well-designed offer the opportunity for
expansion or reduction as energy needs increase or decrease.
Photovoltaic energy is emerging as a viable
solution to energy problems worldwide. Its current uses include power stations,
transportation, rural electricity supplies, and solar roadways. While still a
long way from becoming the world’s major energy source, ongoing research into
photovoltaic energy may bring the promise of hope to the future.
